Handbook:Alpha/Networking/Introduction/it

Alpha Handbook
Installation
About the installation
Choosing the media
Configuring the network
Preparing the disks
The stage file
Installing base system
Configuring the kernel
Configuring the system
Installing tools
Configuring the bootloader
Finalizing
Working with Gentoo
Portage introduction
USE flags
Portage features
Initscript system
Environment variables
Working with Portage
Files and directories
Variables
Mixing software branches
Additional tools
Custom package repository
Advanced features
OpenRC network configuration
Getting started
Advanced configuration
Modular networking
Wireless
Adding functionality
Dynamic management

La seguente porzione dell'handbook riguardante la gestione di rete ne descrive la configurazione 'avanzata' per sistemi utilizzanti il sistema d'init OpenRC e netifrc come sistema di gestione di rete.

Per sistemi utilizzanti systemd, i lettori dovrebbero far riferimento alla sezione di rete dell'articolo su systemd.

Per iniziare

Netifrc is a simple framework for configuring and managing network interfaces on OpenRC based systems. sys-apps/openrc pulls net-misc/netifrc automatically, as the netifrc USE flag is enabled by default.

Creating an interface init script

In order to manage an interface with netifrc, an init script for that interface must be created. By default, netifrc installs /etc/init.d/net.lo, which can be symlinked to create init scripts for new interfaces.

To create a new init script for interface eth0, simply symlink the default net.lo script:

root /etc/init.d #ln -s net.lo net.eth0

Suggerimento
Interface names can be determined by running ip link show (ip l for short) or ls /sys/class/net.

Importante
Interface names will differ from system to system. Kernel based device names starting with eth<n> or wlan<n> may differ by index across boots. udev may set interface names starting with wlp or enp, where these names are persistent across reboots.

Configuring netifrc interfaces

Ethernet interfaces will often work without any additional config, as netifrc will automatically use DHCP for interfaces with no specified config.

If additional configuration is needed, for options such as static IPs, /etc/conf.d/net can be edited:

FILE /etc/conf.d/netSetting a static IP for eth0.

# For static IP using CIDR notation
config_eth0="192.168.0.7/24"
routes_eth0="default via 192.168.0.1"
dns_servers_eth0="192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8"
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# For static IP using netmask notation
config_eth0="192.168.0.7 netmask 255.255.255.0"
routes_eth0="default via 192.168.0.1"
dns_servers_eth0="192.168.0.1 8.8.8.8"

Nota
If no configuration is specified for an interface, DHCP is used.

Netifrc interface service management

With the interface init scripts created and configured, netifrc services can be managed using rc-service. To start eth0:

root #rc-service net.eth0 start

Importante
Durante la risoluzione dei problemi di rete, si dia un'occhiata a /var/log/rc.log. Tranne nel caso in cui la variabile rc_logger sia impostata su NO in /etc/rc.conf, le informazioni sull'attività di avvio verranno memorizzate in quel file di registro.

To start eth0 automatically at startup, it can be added to the default runlevel:

root #rc-update add net.eth0 default

root #rc

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