User:Jens3/Installing Gentoo on a Raspberry Pi 400

From Gentoo Wiki
Jump to:navigation Jump to:search

Installing Gentoo on a Raspberry Pi 400

This are my notes about installing Gentoo on a Raspberry Pi 400. The 1.-3. try weren't successful, the 4. works and is still in use. The fifth installation is on a 4B, 4GB Ram.

The 4B and the 400 have nearly the same hardware with slight differences in some firmware files. The 4B needs brcmfmac43455*, the Pi 400 needs brcmfmac43456*.

5. (First try on a Pi 4B, 4GB RAM)

As base I use https://cmpct.info/~sam/gentoo/arm64/PiGentoo64.html and my #4. try.

  • 128GB microSD card with sdb1 1GB vfat /boot vfat type c, sdb2 8GB swap and all other sdb3 as /
  • mkfs.vfat -n gentooboot /dev/sdb1
  • mkswap -L swap /dev/sdb2
  • mkfs.ext4 -m 2 -L gentooroot /dev/sdb3
  • mkdir /mnt/gentoo
  • mount /dev/sdb3 /mnt/gentoo
  • copied several files from the host dir /etc/portage, esp. make.conf, to the chroot. Because of a change in [i]threads a perl-cleaner --all is necessary

4.

After running in https://bugs.gentoo.org/727188 I started using -O2 instead of -Os.

  • mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/gentoo/
  • wget, tar xpvf stage3-*.tar.xz --xattrs-include='*.*' --numeric-owner
  • make.conf: I prefer COMMON_FLAGS="-Os -pipe -march=native" and MAKEOPTS="-j3", since my Raspi400 has just 4GB Ram. For big packages I may have to add -j1 on a per-package base.
  • 10. and 11. are the same
  • 12.1 is the same. Instead of 12.2:
    • echo sys-kernel/raspberrypi-sources ~arm64 >> /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords ; emerge -va raspberrypi-sources
    • ln -s /usr/src/linux-5.10.11_p20210201-raspberrypi/ /usr/src/linux
  • 12.3 same
  • make menuconfig # I changed:
    • Compiler optimization level to -Os
    • Default CPUfreq governor to ondemand
    • added some crypto algos as modules that are (maybe) supported by the cpu
  • 12.4 same
  • 12.5 time nice ionice -c3 make -j4 Image modules dtbs
    • real    75m18.147s
    • user    261m19.520s
    • sys     32m35.646s
  • 12.6 mount /boot inside chroot
  • 12.7 the same
  • 12.8. a) same b) make install
  • added ACCEPT_LICENSE="* -@EULA" to make.conf
  • 13, 14 same
  • some steps are missing here
  • I had problems with modprobe giving me an "exec format error". I am using the kernel from the package raspberrypi-sources and used make install modules_install dtbs_install . The kernel resides then in /boot/vmlinuz-5.* . After copying vmlinuz-5.x to kernel-8-p4.img it worked.
  • emerge rpi-eeprom
  • perl-cleaner --all # after reinstalling perl
  • After booting into gentoo without having X up and runnig I like to use dvtm. To get the time into the status line I copy the script from /usr/share/doc/dvtm-*/README.md.bz2 subheader ### Statusbar to a shell script and start dvtm with this script. Screenshots are available at https://screenshots.debian.net/package/dvtm

Third try

  • https://cmpct.info/~sam/gentoo/arm64/PiGentoo64.html
  • formatting the gentoo root partition with mkfs.btrfs gives me "SSD detected: no" which leads to "Metadata: DUP;System: DUP"
  • from man mkfs.btrfs (8): "The detection is based on the value of /sys/block/DEV/queue/rotational". rotational was 1, therefore I zeroed it: echo 0>rotational .
  • mkfs.btrfs -fL gentooroot /dev/sdaX
  • for f2fs there is no label command, but you can enter the label at the mkfs command, too
  • mount -o nodatacow,noatime,lazytime /dev/sdaX /mnt/gentoo # nodatacow disables the feature copy on write. Small changes get faster and I hope there will be fewer data written to the SSD
  • cd /mnt/gentoo;wget "stage3"
  • tar xpvf stage3-*.tar.bz2 --xattrs-include='*.*' --numeric-owner
  • make.conf: I prefer COMMON_FLAGS="...-Os..." and MAKEOPTS="-j3", since my Raspi400 has just 4GB Ram. For big packages I may have to add -j1 on a per-package base.
  • 10. and 11. are the same
  • The PiGentoo64.html links to an old stage3.
  • 12.1 is the same. Instead of 12.2:
    • echo sys-kernel/raspberrypi-sources ~arm64 >> /etc/portage/package.accept_keywords ; emerge -va raspberrypi-sources
    • ln -s /usr/src/linux-5.10.11_p20210201-raspberrypi/ /usr/src/linux
  • 12.3. same.
    • make menuconfig # I changed:
      • Compiler optimization level to -Os
      • Default CPUfreq governor to ondemand
      • added some crypto algos as modules that are (maybe) supported by the cpu
      • btrfs should be included, if it is used as root
  • 12.4 same
  • 12.5.: time nice ionice -c3 make -j3 Image modules dtbs
    • real    85m43.988s
    • user    233m17.883s
    • sys     30m17.258s
  • 12.6 mount /boot inside chroot
  • 12.7 the same
  • 12.8. a) same b) make install
  • added ACCEPT_LICENSE="* -@EULA" to make.conf

Second try

# xzcat genpi64.img.xz > /dev/sdX && sync

The Rpi 400 doesn't boot the image but shuts down immediately. I copied bcm2711-rpi-400.dtb to the boot dir, but it didn't change anything. I copied from a /boot First try below /boot/start* /boot/fixup* to the /boot and gentoo started, but got stuck at "switching off virutalization kvm". After rebooting the system started.

I copied the dir /lib/firmware/brcm and rebooted.

emerge --sync ; emerge -uvaDN @world gives several problems.

I tried to upgrade the packages one by one, until I realized, with help from #gentoo-arm, that the /etc/portage/repos.conf/gentoo.conf uses isshoni.org as source, which doesn't get any updates any more.

I tried again to upgrade one by one but realized how many programs are installed, how many couldn't be upgraded one by one and thought, it would not be a clean system after all. I gave up.

Gentoo doesn't seem to get my stable desktop system now, but it is still a nice distro for fun. I guess, I go back to run gentoo in a virtual machine and get more knowledge.

First try

Somewhere at installing X I got stuck and this will not be finished!
  • Hardware: Raspberry Pi 400 with a 64GB microSD card with A1 standard
  • From Handbook:Main_Page "Note: The arm and arm64 architectures are supported by the Gentoo project but do not yet have Handbooks at their disposal. Please refer to the ARM project and #534376 for more information.
  • since there is no handbook for installing Gentoo on Arm 64, I took the AMD64 handbook
  • base system: Raspberry Pi OS 64bit beta works so far (WiP), optional mirrorselect is missing; gentoo root is in a 20 GB loopback mounted file
  • make.conf: COMMON_FLAGS="-Os -pipe -mcpu=native"
  • profile-config set 2 (default/linux/arm64/17.0/desktop (stable)) brings a loop dependency with harfbuzz. The loop dependecy is documented in use.local.desc: "media-libs/freetype:harfbuzz - Use media-libs/harfbuzz for auto-hinting OpenType fonts. WARNING: may trigger circular dependencies!". I then used profile 1.
  • /etc/portage/make.conf: MAKEOPTS="-j1" because otherwise compiling gcc leaves the computer unuseable for two hours
  • gcc didn't get compiled, error was: "{standard input}: Assembler messages: \n {standard input}:2669550: Warning: end of file not at end of a line; newline inserted \n xg++: fatal error: Killed signal terminated program cc1plus" in the irc I got the information, that is was an OOM
  • Retrying with 16G of swap and stopping firefox and thunderbird. Raspberry Pi OS has just a 100MB swap file as default. Compiling worked.
  • echo sys-kernel/raspberrypi-sources ~arm64 >> /etc/portage/packages.accept_keywords ; emerge -va raspberrypi-sources
  • emerge -va raspberrypi-firmware raspberrypi-image
  • emerge -va rpi-eeprom
  • cd /usr/src/linux; make bcm2711_defconfig
  • make menuconfig # I changed:
    • Compiler optimization level to -Os
    • Default CPUfreq governor to ondemand
    • added some crypto algos as modules that are (maybe) supported by the cpu
    • make all
  • added CPU_FLAGS_ARM="edsp neon thumb vfp vfpv3 vfpv4 vfp-d32 crc32 v4 v5 v6 v7 v8 thumb2" to /etc/portage/make.conf . They were reported by cpuid2cpuflags, seeCPU FLAGS X86#Using cpuid2cpuflags for details.
  • emerge -va wpa_supplicant # < steev> broadcom-sta is the "wl" driver for (older?) broadcom chips.
  • Partitioning the 1TB SSD (Raspberry Pi 3 64 bit Install#Partitioning)
    • Partition size id Type mount
    • sda1 256M c W95 FAT32 (LBA) /boot
    • sda2 other 5 extended -
    • sda5 8G 82 swap swap
    • sda6 100G 83 Linux /
    • sda7 823G 83 Linux /data

/boot/cmdline.txt

This file will not exist until its created. Create it with the following content.

FILE /mnt/gentoo/boot/cmdline.txt
root=/dev/mmcblk0p3 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait
  • emerge xorg-x11

qemu

Links

Retrieved from "https://wiki.gentoo.org/index.php?title=User:Jens3/Installing_Gentoo_on_a_Raspberry_Pi_400&oldid=1042388"