User:Martijnlu/Hardware-laptops

The <Laptop_MAKE_MODEL_NAME> and its associated hardware components can (potentially) be difficult to configure properly in Gentoo. This article has been written as configuration guide to help users work out some of the gritty details needed to get this notebook working as it should while using Gentoo.

Note
For each <Laptop_MAKE_MODEL_NAME> do not expect to have exactly the same hardware listed in this guide. The hardware listed here is to be used as an example. Some of the components may be similar, but there are always variants in computers depending on when hardware was produced and where it was purchased.

Installation

Preparation

Things to be aware of when before installing Gentoo Linux on any machine:

1. Backups - If the computer owner finds any value in being able to restore the factory existing operating system, make sure appropriate measures are taken to create a full system restoration. This is a nice fall back option in the case something goes wrong while installing Linux.
2. Time - Allot enough time for installing Gentoo. The length of the install process varies. Experienced Gentoo users are mostly limited by the speed of their current hardware where beginners are limited by the Gentoo learning curve.
3. Diligence - Dedication is required in order to configure all parts of the hardware to work properly. Unfortunately most manufacturers do not deliver open source drivers for their hardware. Linux users go through great lengths in order to build or find open source drivers that are compatible with their hardware.

Hardware

Important
As stated above, the hardware listed in the following commands might not match the hardware in each <Laptop_MAKE_MODEL_NAME> verbatim. Use the following information as a hardware reference guide.

root #lspci -nnk

(Copy and paste lspci -nnk output in here.)

root #lsusb

(Copy and paste lsusb output in here.)

Configuration

Kernel

For users new to Gentoo, configuring the kernel for a certain hardware platform can be among the trickiest tasks. Do not despair! There are many articles on the Wiki available to help with all kernel related things. The sections below provide information on the two main methods of kernel configuration. Currently no tool exists to automatically detect and configure hardware for all platforms, especially if experimental or new kernel features will be used.

Generally speaking for this platform, the following kernel options are needed.

KERNEL <Laptop_MAKE_MODEL_NAME> kernel options:

(Output selected kernel features here.)

Manual

Use the make menuconfig command to manually configure kernel features:

root #make menuconfig

After configuration run the following commands in this to build and install the system's kernel and modules:

root #make

root #make modules

root #make install

root #make modules_install

genkernel

The genkernel tool can also be used to help build the kernel and the initramfs.

After downloading a kernel sources packages, start the build process by running the following command:

root #genkernel --install --menuconfig all

Additional help with kernel configuration

For additional help with kernel configuration see the configuration help section in the kernel article.

X11

More information on configuring X11 can be found in the Xorg configuration article.

USB

The Wiki's USB guide can be helpful for configuring anything USB related on the system.

Helpful tools

When used properly, these tools will help diagnose problems. They are included on the Gentoo-based SystemRescueCD, which is a good distribution when installing or troubleshooting Gentoo systems. Be sure to emerge them on the system after the install is complete. This will help with future troubleshooting.

Software

Command(s)	Package	Description
eix	app-portage/eix	A faster and better way to search for packages (compared to emerge --search).
eclean, equery, eread, euse, and more	app-portage/gentoolkit	A collection of administration scripts for Gentoo.
powertop	sys-power/powertop	A tool to help extend battery life by controlling power usage.
ufed	app-portage/ufed	A simple program designed to configure system USE flags.

Hardware detection

Name	Package	Description
lspci	sys-apps/pciutils	Includes command-line tools for identifying PCI system hardware.
lsusb	sys-apps/usbutils	Includes command-line tools for identifying USB system hardware.

For more hardware detection tools see the hardware detection article.

Tips

Caching Portage in tmpfs

When using a SSD or HHD with a lot of RAM (16GB is more than enough) it is possible to both expand the life of the drive and speed up build time by caching the Portage tmp directory entirely in RAM. Be sure to adjust to the amount of allocated memory. The example below allows Portage to use maximum of 10GBs of RAM (tmpfs) during compiles. Read more about caching Portage in tmpfs by traveling over to this article.

FILE /etc/fstabAdding Portage temp directory to 10GBs of tmpfs:

tmpfs		/var/tmp/portage	tmpfs	uid=portage,gid=portage,mode=0775,size=10G,noatime	0 0

After /etc/fstab has been modified, Portage's temp directory will be mounted in RAM on every boot. To mount Portage temp directory now simply run this command:

root #mount /var/tmp/portage

See also

• Gentoo Cheat Sheet - A reference article for basic package management, USE flags, log file, and administration management.

External resources

• SystemRescueCD - A rescue CD that includes many helpful troubleshooting tools.