KDE

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KDE is a free software community, producing a wide range of applications including the popular Plasma desktop environment.

Gentoo support for the KDE project is excellent, with comprehensive packaging of KDE Frameworks, Plasma, and Applications, as well as a wide array of other miscellaneous KDE-based software.

Prerequisites

Profile

Important
Read relevant documentation before performing any profile changes.

Choosing an appropriate profile, although not required, is recommended as it sets a number of global and package-specific USE flags to ease installation and ensure a smooth KDE experience.

In order to choose the most suitable profile, first list what's available:

root #eselect profile list

  ...
  [21]  default/linux/amd64/23.0 (stable)
  [22]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/systemd (stable)
  [23]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop (stable)
  [24]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop/systemd (stable)
  [25]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop/gnome (stable)
  [26]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop/gnome/systemd (stable)
  [27]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop/plasma (stable)
  [28]  default/linux/amd64/23.0/desktop/plasma/systemd (stable)
  ...

Then, select the right profile, substituting X with the appropriate profile number:

root #eselect profile set X

For Plasma desktop environment choose desktop/plasma with OpenRC or desktop/plasma/systemd with systemd. Note that other USE flag combinations than set by the profile may technically be possible (especially if selected applications are run instead of a full KDE Plasma desktop environment), but may be unsupported, untested, or lead to unexpected loss of functionality.

Combined hardened profiles

Users that run hardened profiles can also combine it with all the features of the plasma desktop profile. For steps on doing this please follow KDE/Hardened_KDE_Plasma_profile.

Services

Default choices of these services will be pulled in automatically - by the installation steps in the following chapters - depending on the profile selection made earlier, but still need to be set up properly before starting KDE Plasma for the first time. For deviating from the defaults, it is recommended to install them in advance of KDE Plasma or KDE Gear via emerge --oneshot so that Portage will take them into account. Follow the links for information how to set up these services.

Session tracker

Choose exactly one of:

elogind: Standalone logind package, default for desktop/plasma profile, extracted from systemd project for use with OpenRC or other init systems.
systemd: Uses the session tracker part of systemd. Users of systemd do not need to take any other initiative here.

Device manager

Tip
By default, systemd-utils is used on OpenRC systems, and systemd is used on systemd systems. Users who don't want to change providers should skip this step.

Choose exactly one of:

udev: Enables support for udev Linux dynamic and persistent device naming.
systemd: Uses the device manager part of systemd. Users of systemd do not need to take any other initiative here.

Miscellaneous

D-Bus: Enables use of the D-Bus message bus system.
PipeWire: PipeWire is used for sound as well as screensharing and window previews on Wayland.
polkit: Enables the polkit framework for controlling privileges for system-wide services.
udisks: Enables support for some storage related services.

X server

Read and follow the instructions in the X server article to setup the X environment.

Wayland

For Plasma 6, have a system with applicable VIDEO_CARDS USE expand settings and kernel with DRMs (Direct Rendering Manager) enabled for Mesa. KWin, the window manager and Wayland compositor, uniquely falls back to low performance software Rendering if unsatisfied.

Plasma

Plasma 6 is the current generation of KDE's desktop environment, based on Qt 6 and KDE Frameworks 6.

Available versions

KDE	Gentoo	Ebuild repository	Status
KDE Plasma 6.1.5	kde-plasma/plasma-meta-6.1.5	gentoo	Stable for amd64 and arm64; testing for ppc64, riscv and x86
KDE Plasma 6.2.2	kde-plasma/plasma-meta-6.2.2	gentoo	Testing for amd64, arm64, ppc64, riscv and x86
KDE Plasma 6.2 stable branch	kde-plasma/plasma-meta-6.2.49.9999	KDE	Live version
KDE Plasma 6 master branch	kde-plasma/plasma-meta-9999	KDE	Live version

Note
Before proceeding, make sure to choose a Plasma profile.

Installation

USE flags

The kde-plasma/plasma-meta package provides the full Plasma desktop, configurable by a wealth of USE flags:

USE flags for kde-plasma/plasma-meta Merge this to pull in all Plasma 6 packages

`+browser-integration`	Enable integration with Chrome/Firefox with browser extensions
`+crash-handler`	Pull in kde-plasma/drkonqi for assisted upstream crash reports
`+display-manager`	Pull in a graphical display manager
`+elogind`	Enable session tracking via sys-auth/elogind
`+firewall`	Pull in kde-plasma/plasma-firewall for system firewall administration
`+kwallet`	Enable support for KWallet auto-unlocking via kde-plasma/kwallet-pam
`+networkmanager`	Enable net-misc/networkmanager support
`+sddm`	Pull in the x11-misc/sddm display manager and system settings module
`+smart`	Pull in kde-plasma/plasma-disks for disk health monitoring
`+wallpapers`	Install wallpapers for the Plasma Workspace
`+xwayland`	Enable Wayland windows screensharing to XWayland applications via gui-apps/xwaylandvideobridge
`accessibility`	Add support for accessibility (eg 'at-spi' library)
`bluetooth`	Enable Bluetooth Support
`colord`	Enable kde-plasma/kwin color management via x11-misc/colord
`crypt`	Pull in kde-plasma/plasma-vault for encrypted vaults integration
`cups`	Add support for CUPS (Common Unix Printing System)
`discover`	Pull in resources management GUI; a centralised GHNS alternative and optional sys-apps/fwupd frontend
`flatpak`	Pull in kde-plasma/flatpak-kcm for flatpak permissions administration
`grub`	Pull in Breeze theme for sys-boot/grub
`gtk`	Enable Breeze widget style and system settings module for GTK+
`oxygen-theme`	Pull in Oxygen icons, sound theme and visual style for KDE Plasma
`plymouth`	Pull in Breeze theme for sys-boot/plymouth
`pulseaudio`	Install Plasma applet for PulseAudio volume management
`qt5`	Pull in required packages for seamless integration of KF5/Qt5-based applications
`rdp`	Enables RDP/Remote Desktop support
`sdk`	Pull in kde-plasma/plasma-sdk for Plasma development
`systemd`	Enable use of systemd-specific libraries and features like socket activation or session tracking
`thunderbolt`	Pull in kde-plasma/plasma-thunderbolt control center module
`unsupported`	Allow packages that are known to ruin runtime experience DO NOT FILE BUGS WITH THIS ENABLED
`wacom`	Pull in kde-plasma/wacomtablet control center module
`webengine`	Use kde-apps/khelpcenter to access the locally installed KDE Help System Handbook

Data provided by the Gentoo Package Database · Last update: 2024-10-22 15:31 More information about USE flags

Emerge

root #emerge --ask kde-plasma/plasma-meta

Alternatively, kde-plasma/plasma-desktop provides a very basic desktop, leaving users free to install only the extra packages they require - or rather, figure out missing features on their own.

Warning
Please note that installing just kde-plasma/plasma-desktop will exclude important packages needed for KDE Plasma to function, such as kde-plasma/powerdevil (power management, suspend and hibernate options), kde-plasma/systemsettings, and many more. This package should be used with the understanding that additional packages will need to be installed to ensure a functioning environment. Do not expect support when using this package.

Starting Plasma

Display manager

SDDM (Simple Desktop Display Manager) is the recommended login manager and is pulled in automatically via kde-plasma/plasma-meta by default. This is the preferred option. Alternatively, LightDM can be used and pulled in by setting USE flag -sddm for kde-plasma/plasma-meta. Change the setting accordingly in /etc/conf.d/display-manager. Also, be sure to read through the SDDM page if further issues appear.

No display manager

Plasma can be started the old-fashioned way with startx, but extra care needs to be taken to ensure it gets a valid session.

FILE ~/.xinitrc

#!/bin/sh
exec dbus-launch --exit-with-session startplasma-x11

When using Wayland, Plasma can be launched with dbus-run-session startplasma-wayland.

This can be added to a user's profile file which will be executed when logging in:

FILE ~/.profile

#!/bin/sh
dbus-run-session startplasma-wayland

Widgets

Many useful widgets are in the kde-plasma/kdeplasma-addons package (already pulled in by kde-plasma/plasma-meta):

root #emerge --ask kde-plasma/kdeplasma-addons

KWallet

Many users will be introduced to kde-frameworks/kwallet, Plasma's encrypted password storage, while adding a (wireless) network connection after login or adding E-Mail accounts in kde-apps/kmail.

For managing KWallets, importing and exporting passwords, there is kde-apps/kwalletmanager:

root #emerge --ask kde-apps/kwalletmanager

KWallet auto-unlocking

kde-plasma/kwallet-pam provides a mechanism to avoid being subsequently asked for access to kwallet after login.

root #emerge --ask kde-plasma/kwallet-pam

It requires the following setup:

For KWallet security, use classic blowfish encryption instead of GPG
Choose same password for login and kwallet
Configure a display manager with support for PAM - both x11-misc/sddm and x11-misc/lightdm fulfill that requirement:

FILE /etc/pam.d/sddmConfig lines for KWallet PAM unlocking via SDDM

-auth           optional        pam_kwallet5.so
-session        optional        pam_kwallet5.so auto_start

For unlocking on tty login (no display manager, or like gui-apps/tuigreet), edit /etc/pam.d/login accordingly. The user will need to specify the force_run parameter.

FILE /etc/pam.d/greetdConfig lines for KWallet PAM unlocking via Greetd

-auth           optional        pam_kwallet5.so
-session        optional        pam_kwallet5.so auto_start force_run

Note
For LightDM, /etc/pam.d/lightdm needs to be edited instead.

Note
If the filesystem containing a user's KWallet files is mounted by pam_mount upon logging on, it may be required to copy ~/.local/share/kwalletd/kdewallet.salt to the same path on the root filesystem. Otherwise, PAM attempts to unlock KWallet before the home directory is available and fails. The file ~/.local/share/kwalletd/kdewallet.kwl which actually contains the encrypted KWallet passwords does not need to be copied.

Disabling KWallet

To disable the KWallet subsystem completely, edit the following file:

FILE ~/.config/kwalletrc

[Wallet]
Enabled=false

SSH/GPG Agent startup/shutdown scripts

ssh-agent scripts are located in /etc/xdg/plasma-workspace/env and /etc/xdg/plasma-workspace/shutdown. Shutdown scripts require executable bit set because they are not sourced. The Keychain article provides more information about this.

Non-root user authentication for dialogs

Some KDE dialogs such as printers, adding wireless networks and adding users require administrator authentication. This is handled through sys-auth/polkit and operates independently from app-admin/sudo. By default in Gentoo, the root account is the only administrator, and so even if a user account can run root commands through sudo, authentication in these KDE dialogs will fail.

Adding wireless networks using net-misc/networkmanager is allowed by a polkit rule which is part of the Gentoo package and already allows access for every user in the group plugdev. For other dialogs the behavior must be configured manually: If all users of the group wheel are required to be administrators, create a copy of /usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d/50-default.rules starting with a number lower than 50, and edit the line return ["unix-user:0"] to the following:

FILE /etc/polkit-1/rules.d/49-wheel.rulesAdministrator wheel group

polkit.addAdminRule(function(action, subject) {
    return ["unix-group:wheel"];
});

The Polkit wiki page provides more details on rules configuration.

Run GUI applications with root privileges

Warning
It could be a very bad idea to start GUI applications with root privileges, versus adding the regular user to the relevant group or simply just running the command unprivileged. Only use kdesu when absolutely necessary.

KDE Plasma has a utility to start graphical programs with root privileges. It is provided by kde-plasma/kdesu-gui and is already pulled in by kde-plasma/plasma-meta. It requires Xorg, and only works within X^[1].

root #emerge --ask kde-plasma/kdesu-gui

It can be used by invoking kdesu either from KRunner or a terminal emulator:

user $kdesu <program-name>

A message dialog will be displayed prompting for the root password.

Note
Some applications such as kwrite, dolphin etc. refuse to be opened with kdesu for security reasons.

Note
By default, kdesu internally uses su, which may not be preferred for some use cases. It is possible to use sudo or other sudo-compatible commands, by changing kdesurc:

FILE $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/kdesurcUse sudo instead of su in kdesu

[super-user-command]
super-user-command=sudo

Files

XDG standard directories are being used for KDE Plasma and KDE applications:

$XDG_CONFIG_HOME (defaults to $HOME/.config) - Configuration files
$XDG_DATA_HOME (defaults to $HOME/.local/share) - Application data

Removal

The first step to remove KDE Plasma and its dependencies is to unmerge kde-plasma/plasma-meta. This will not yet remove any files from the installation, so the desktop environment will keep running:

root #emerge --ask --depclean --verbose kde-plasma/plasma-meta

In a next step it can be useful to scan /etc/portage directory for any KDE Plasma specific entries in package.mask, package.unmask and package.accept_keywords and clean them up.

Finally, run the command to uninstall any Plasma packages and their dependencies. It would make sense to quit any running Plasma session beforehand:

root #emerge --ask --depclean

Warning
Please note that this will not just remove KDE Plasma but also any other package not registered (or being depended on) in @world. Carefully read through the list of packages to be removed before continuing. Alternatively, run this command prior to unmerging of kde-plasma/plasma-meta to get an overview of already dangling packages on the system.

Applications

KDE Gear consists of various applications and supporting libraries based on Qt/KDE Frameworks.

Available versions

KDE	Gentoo	Ebuild repository	Status
KDE Gear 24.08.1	kde-apps/kde-apps-meta-24.08.1	gentoo	Stable for amd64 and arm64; testing for x86
KDE Gear 24.08.2	kde-apps/kde-apps-meta-24.08.2	gentoo	Testing for amd64, arm64 and x86
KDE Gear 24.08 stable branch	kde-apps/kde-apps-meta-24.08.49.9999	KDE	Live version
KDE Gear master branch	kde-apps/kde-apps-meta-9999	KDE	Live version

KDE Gear is divided in the following meta packages:

Package name	Description
kde-apps/kdeaccessibility-meta	Accessibility applications and utilities.
kde-apps/kdeadmin-meta	Administrative utilities, which help in managing the system.
kde-apps/kdecore-meta	Basic applications such as file browser, editor, terminal emulator.
kde-apps/kdeedu-meta	Educational applications and games.
kde-apps/kdegames-meta	Standard desktop games.
kde-apps/kdegraphics-meta	Graphics applications such as image viewers, color pickers, etc.
kde-apps/kdemultimedia-meta	Audio and video playback applications and services.
kde-apps/kdenetwork-meta	Network applications and VNC services.
kde-apps/kdepim-meta	PIM applications such as emailer, addressbook, organizer, etc.
kde-apps/kdesdk-meta	Various development tools.
kde-apps/kdeutils-meta	Standard desktop utilities such as an archiver, a calculator, etc.

Installation

The kde-apps/kde-apps-meta package provides the full KDE Gear bundle:

root #emerge --ask kde-apps/kde-apps-meta

If not all the packages are required, one or several smaller meta packages from the list above may be picked instead. Alternatively, it is possible to set USE flags to reduce the number of applications installed by kde-apps/kde-apps-meta.

Localization

Plasma and Applications are shipping their localization per-package. Enable desired localization in System Settings.

KDE PIM

KDE PIM is a whole suite of applications to manage personal information including mail, calendar, contacts and more. It has several optional runtime dependencies to extend its functionality:

Virus detection: app-antivirus/clamav
Spam filtering: mail-filter/bogofilter or mail-filter/spamassassin

Frameworks

KDE Frameworks is a collection of libraries and software frameworks that provide the foundation for KDE Plasma and KDE Gear (applications), but may be leveraged by any Qt application.

As Frameworks are mostly libraries and provide little user functionality, it's not necessary to install them manually - the required packages will be pulled in automatically as dependencies.

Available versions

KDE	Gentoo	Ebuild repository	Status
KDE Frameworks 5.116.0	kde-frameworks/*-5.116.0	gentoo	Stable for amd64, arm64, and x86; testing for arm, loong, ppc64 and riscv
KDE Frameworks 6.6.0	kde-frameworks/*-6.6.0	gentoo	Stable for amd64 and arm64; testing for ppc64, riscv and x86
KDE Frameworks 6 (master) branch	kde-frameworks/*-9999	KDE	Live version

More KDE software

The most important KDE applications are in the Gentoo ebuild repository and many are located in the kde-apps and kde-misc categories.

Troubleshooting

Refer to the Troubleshooting sub-article.

External links

References

↑ https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=427912

[1] ttps://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=427912

[1]

KDE

Prerequisites

Profile

Combined hardened profiles

Services

Session tracker

Device manager

Miscellaneous

X server

Wayland

Plasma

Available versions

Installation

USE flags

USE flags for kde-plasma/plasma-meta Merge this to pull in all Plasma 6 packages

Emerge

Starting Plasma

Display manager

No display manager

Widgets

KWallet

KWallet auto-unlocking

Disabling KWallet

SSH/GPG Agent startup/shutdown scripts

Non-root user authentication for dialogs

Run GUI applications with root privileges

Files

Removal

Applications

Available versions

Installation

Localization

KDE PIM

Frameworks

Available versions

More KDE software

Troubleshooting

See also

External links

References