MySQL
MySQL is a popular, free software relational database management system. It is often used in conjunction with web applications (such as many PHP sites), but has gained many more enterprise-level features since its start in 1994. An alternative fork is MariaDB.
Installation
USE flags
Before installing dev-db/mysql, carefully consider the USE flags that influence the package deployment and features. The following table gives an overview of the package' supported USE flags:
USE flags for dev-db/mysql A fast, multi-threaded, multi-user SQL database server
+perl
|
Add optional support/bindings for the Perl language |
+server
|
Build the server program |
cjk
|
Add CJK support for InnoDB fulltext search using app-text/mecab |
client-libs
|
Build the client libraries from the server package instead of the C Connector packages (not recommended) |
cracklib
|
Support for cracklib strong password checking |
debug
|
Enable extra debug codepaths, like asserts and extra output. If you want to get meaningful backtraces see https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:Quality_Assurance/Backtraces |
experimental
|
Build experimental features aka "rapid" plugins |
jemalloc
|
Use dev-libs/jemalloc for memory management |
latin1
|
Use LATIN1 encoding instead of UTF8 |
numa
|
Enable NUMA support using sys-process/numactl (NUMA kernel support is also required) |
profiling
|
Add support for statement profiling (requires USE=community). |
router
|
Build the MySQL router program |
selinux
|
!!internal use only!! Security Enhanced Linux support, this must be set by the selinux profile or breakage will occur |
static
|
!!do not set this during bootstrap!! Causes binaries to be statically linked instead of dynamically |
static-libs
|
Build static versions of dynamic libraries as well |
systemtap
|
Build support for profiling and tracing using dev-debug/systemtap |
tcmalloc
|
Use the dev-util/google-perftools libraries to replace the malloc() implementation with a possibly faster one |
test
|
Install upstream testsuites for end use. |
Emerge
Once the proper USE flags have been set, install MySQL:
root #emerge --ask dev-db/mysqlConfiguration
Service
OpenRC
To have the database(s) started automatically at boot, add the mysql init script to the default runlevel:
root #rc-update add mysql defaultAfter configuring the database, which is mentioned later in this document, start the mysql service:
root #rc-service mysql startPreliminary configuration
The dev-db/mysql package handles the preliminary setup of MySQL through the --config option:
root #emerge --config dev-db/mysqlThis will create a database, set proper permissions on it and assist in creating a good root password (this is for the MySQL root account, which is not related to the Linux root account).
To purge anonymous users and test databases from the installation, run mysql_secure_installation after the preliminary setup:
root #mysql_secure_installationIn-database configuration
When the database is up and running, connect to it using the mysql client application.
user $mysql -u root -p -h localhostEnter root password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 to server version: 5.5.1 Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql>
From this point, a session to the MySQL instance is open, allowing for queries and administrative commands to be serviced.
Erasing command history
By default MySQL logs every action, including leaving plain text passwords in its history file.
To remove the history file:
root #rm /root/.mysql_historyAlternatively you can permanently disable history logging with the following:
root #ln -sf /dev/null /root/.mysql_history