TeX Live

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Resources

TeX Live is a complete TeX distribution with several programs to create professional documents.

Installation

USE flags

USE flags for app-text/texlive A complete TeX distribution

X Add support for X11
cjk Add support for Multi-byte character languages (Chinese, Japanese, Korean)
context Add support for the ConTeXt format (dev-texlive/texlive-context)
extra Add support for extra TeXLive packages
games Add typesetting support for games (chess, etc.) (dev-texlive/texlive-games)
graphics Add support for several graphics packages (pgf, tikz,...)
humanities Add LaTeX support for the humanities (dev-texlive/texlive-humanities)
luatex Install TeX Live packages that require luatex
metapost Add support for metapost: A tool for creating graphics in scalable PostScript
music Add support for music typesetting (dev-texlive/texlive-music)
pdfannotextractor Add dev-tex/pdfannotextractor support, for extracting annotations from PDF files
png Add support for libpng (PNG images)
pstricks Add pstricks packages (dev-texlive/texlive-pstricks)
publishers Add support for publishers (dev-texlive/texlive-publishers)
science Add typesetting support for natural and computer sciences (dev-texlive/texlive-mathscience)
tex4ht Add support for dev-tex/tex4ht (for converting (La)TeX to (X)HTML, XML and OO.org)
texi2html Add support for app-text/texi2html which converts texi files to HTML
truetype Add support for FreeType and/or FreeType2 fonts
xetex Add support for XeTeX macros (dev-texlive/texlive-xetex)
xml Add support for XML files
Data provided by the Gentoo Package Database · Last update: 2024-09-12 18:37 More information about USE flags

Note
To support additional languages in e.g. babel or polyglossia, the relevant L10N language use flag needs to be enabled.

Emerge

Install app-text/texlive:

root #emerge --ask app-text/texlive
Note
When wanting to merge multiple Doxygen PDF files into one PDF file or a book style PDF preferable for e-reading devices, the dev-texlive/texlive-latexextra package will likely need to be installed. (i.e. pdflatex refman.tex)

Upgrading

When users try to upgrade TeXLive, they might meet a failure due to "hard blocking". Here are a solution to overcome it and the reasons behind it.

Solution

First, unmerge some packages in dev-texlive:

root #qlist -I dev-texlive/texlive-lang > texlive-lang-packages.txt
root ## Or, to use 'eix' instead of qlist, do instead:
root #eix '-I#' dev-texlive/texlive-lang > texlive-lang-packages.txt
root ## Then
root #emerge --deselect=n --unmerge texlive-latex texlive-basic $(cat texlive-lang-packages.txt)

Now the upgrade can be done:

root #emerge --ask --oneshot --update app-text/texlive $(cat texlive-lang-packages.txt)

Or simply pull in "world":

root #emerge -uDN1a @world

Why this workaround?

Some dev-texlive/texlive-* packages (see below) do "hard blocking". For example, texlive-basic-2016 hard-blocks <texlive-basic-2016, i.e., older versions of itself. Hard-blocked packages can't be installed simultaneously, even temporarily. But as of 2017, portage can't resolve hard blocks automatically (bug #250286), and users must handle them manually. They are hard instead of normal blocks because of some file moves. (bug #606730)

Thus, to upgrade dev-texlive/texlive-basic, users must first unmerge it manually using the above procedure.

Some more details

Although some language packs have only 2012 versions (e.g. texlive-langcroatian-2012), even for them the above solution (re-emerging them afterwards) works, too. It's because blocking in an ebuild file is in fact one-sided, unlike normal dependency, which is checked at "emerge --depclean": Assume virtual/src-0.ebuild contains DEPEND="!!cat/dest", and cat/dest-0.ebuild has no dependency. Then:

  • if you already have cat/dest, then emerge virtual/src will fail. However,
  • even if you already have virtual/src, emerge cat/dest is allowed.


Hard blocking is specified in ebuilds by the operator !!. As of 2017, the only ebuilds using the !! operator (in our context) are dev-texlive/texlive-basic, dev-texlive/texlive-latex, and dev-texlive/texlive-langcjk. Packages blocked by them are these three themselves plus texlive-lang*.

Usage

Most of the time users will implement TeX Live through the editor of choice. The following is a list of compilers capable of translating a .tex document into .pdf file:

LaTeX:

user $pdflatex mydocument.tex

XeTeX:

user $xelatex mydocument.tex

LuaTeX:

user $luatex mydocument.tex

Editors

There are several editors users can choose from in Gentoo. To list a few pure TeX editors:

Editor Package Homepage Description
kile app-editors/kile https://kile.sourceforge.io/ A KDE based editor, which lets users write in LaTeX code and then compile the document.
texmaker app-office/texmaker http://www.xm1math.net/texmaker/ A Qt based editor, which lets user write in LaTeX code and then compile the document
texstudio app-office/texstudio http://texstudio.sourceforge.net/ Free cross-platform LaTeX editor (former texmakerX)
gummi app-editors/gummi https://github.com/alexandervdm/gummi GTK based editor, which lets users write in LaTeX code and then compile the document
GNOME LaTeX app-editors/gnome-latex https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/GNOME-LaTeX GNOME based editor, which lets users write in LaTeX code and then compile the document
lyx app-office/lyx https://www.lyx.org/ Qt based WYSIWYM editor, users type directly into the LaTeX document and can edit LaTeX code afterwards
texworks app-editors/texworks https://www.tug.org/texworks/ Qt based editor, suggested editor by the UK-TUG which lets users write in LaTeX code and then compile the document
Note
The above table is not a comprehensive list of TeX editors.

Most editors support LaTeX syntax highlighting like Vim, emacs (which supports compilation and previewing), gedit or gleany and most development IDE's provide some plugins like dev-util/netbeans.

Programs with LaTeX support

  • net-im/pidgin - has a LaTeX plugin to display mathematical formulae.

Find the Gentoo package that contains a tex package

app-portage/pfl contains a program to search in an online database for a Gentoo package containing a particular file.

root #emerge --ask app-portage/pfl
user $pfl
user $e-file yhmath.sty
 *  dev-texlive/texlive-mathextra
	Available Versions:	2015 2014 
	Description:		TeXLive Mathematics packages
	Matched Files:		/usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/yhmath/yhmath.sty;

[I] dev-texlive/texlive-mathscience
	Available Versions:	2017 2016 
	Last Installed Ver:	2016 (Thu Jul 20 17:41:05 2017)
	Description:		TeXLive Mathematics and science packages
	Matched Files:		/usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/yhmath/yhmath.sty;

ConTeXT

After setting the context USE flag for app-text/texlive, generate the cache with

user $mtxrun --generate

To compile documents, set the TEXMF variable, otherwise context will fail with "unknown script context.lua" (see this bug report).

user $export TEXMF=/usr/share/texmf-dist

Then compile the source file with

user $context main.tex

texdoc

Texdoc is included in the dev-texlive/texlive-binextra package. It allowes the user to search the original TeX documentation by keyword. For example, to view all documentation about article:

user $texdoc article

This should open the documentation with the default PDF editor.

To specify the PDF viewer, edit the config file at /usr/share/texmf-dist/texdoc/texdoc.cnf.

Note that this will run the specified command with a potentially compressed PDF. A good solution is to create a wrapper script and use app-text/pdftk to decompress the pdf:

FILE pdf_wrapper.sh
#set your pdf viewer
PDF_VIEWER="your command"
# extract the filename and omit the extension
FILE_NAME="$(basename "$1")"
FILE_NAME_NOEXT="${FILE_NAME%.*}"
if $(file $1 | grep -q encoded); then
	pdftk "$1" output /tmp/"$FILE_NAME_NOEXT"_unzip.pdf uncompress
	${PDF_VIEWER} /tmp/"$FILE_NAME_NOEXT"_unzip.pdf "${@:2}"
	rm /tmp/"$FILE_NAME_NOEXT"_unzip.pdf
else
	${PDF_VIEWER} "$1" "${@:2}"
fi

In order to make the texdoc command as useful as possible, the doc USE flag for TeX Live and any other module for which users would like documentation available can be enabled.

To enable the doc USE flag for all TeX Live packages, use a wildcard:

root #echo "dev-texlive/* doc" >> /etc/portage/package.use

A full list of installed TeX modules can be shown with the following command:

root #qlist -C -I texlive

To enable the doc USE flag only for certain modules, add them to /etc/portage/package.use. A quick way of adding them all is by running this command:

root #qlist -C -I texlive | sed 's/$/ doc/' >> /etc/portage/package.use
Note
Afterwards edit the USE flags for each module in /etc/portage/package.use individually

Troubleshooting

Increase main memory

The error message "TeX capacity exceeded, sorry main memory size = xxxxxxxxx" can be prevented by

1. Change the value of main_memory in file /etc/texmf/texmf.d/20sizes.cnf. This should persist through all future texliveupgrades.

2. Regenerate the system-wide texmf.cnf

root #texmf-update

3. Regenerate .fmt files

root #fmtutil-sys --all

See also

External resources

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